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- THEATER, Page 90A Nightmare Without Force
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- By William A. Henry III
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- METAMORPHOSIS
- Adapted by Steven Berkoff from a story by Franz Kafka
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- In a Broadway season when eight of the eleven new plays
- have been comedies, three of them sex farces, and the cheapest
- of four new musicals cost $5 million to stage, it is heartening
- to see work as simple, spare and serious as Metamorphosis. One
- just wishes it were better. Despite an effective stage-acting
- debut by dancer Mikhail Baryshnikov, the most ballyhooed
- highbrow event in the theater so far this year is all but bereft
- of emotional force. At the finale, two actresses stand rigid,
- their cheeks glazed with tears, yet much of the audience reacts
- only with uneasy titters. Director Steven Berkoff's highly
- stylized script and direction circle around the story, adding
- layer upon layer of ornament, when what is needed is a clean,
- quick cut to the emotional core of an incident as simple as it
- is mysterious.
-
- Nothing is wrong with the source material, which has
- inspired countless other stage adaptations. Franz Kafka's story
- of a man who one day wakes up as a giant insect has provided one
- of the 20th century's hallmark nightmare images. The essence of
- the horror is that there is no explanation for it, no deeper
- meaning, no instructive or redemptive metaphor: the suffering
- just is. In the transmutation of Gregor Samsa, the world ceases
- to be predictable or rational; natural and moral order
- disappear. Critics have found in Kafka's vision hints of
- everything from the Holocaust to AIDS. But to burden the story
- with greater weight is in fact to lessen it. The thump in the
- gut comes from the literal details. The man who used to hurry
- to work now scuttles beneath the bed; the fastidious fellow who
- loved milk now detests "the fresher foods" and slurps
- deafeningly over anything decayed. When he agonizes with wounds
- inflicted by members of his family, they cannot bear to touch
- him to help heal him.
-
- Berkoff manages to convey the essence of the dilemma for
- Gregor's parents and sister, albeit without the least sympathy
- for their natural anxiety and revulsion. He is far more
- interested in portraying them as grasping and money mad, in a
- Marxist gloss on the plight of the worker. They are so coarse
- and reprehensible -- more animalistic when eating than the bug
- in the back bedroom -- that there is no point of connection for
- the audience, certainly no creative tension between expecting
- the family to take a noble course and knowing why it succumbs
- to a selfish one.
-
- It is not quite right to say the performances are bad.
- Presumably at Berkoff's behest, they are as exaggerated as in
- a Victorian melodrama, the emotional colors underlined by music
- as tinkly or percussive as in Beijing opera. In a further
- attempt to weight the scales in favor of the sensitive outcast,
- Baryshnikov's speeches are candidly written and delivered with
- touching directness. Most remarkable, however, are his agility
- and grace in evoking the lumbering, graceless creature.
- Skittering across the floor, or toppled over backward and trying
- to right himself, or dangling from the spider web of piping that
- represents a ceiling, Baryshnikov is completely believable as
- both misfortunate man and misunderstood beast.
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